GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RISK FACTOR PROFILE AND DISTRIBUTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY

Abstract

Objective: To determine gender based differences in risk factors and distribution of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methodology: This was cross sectional, observational study. We studied 851 patients who underwent coronary angiography at a tertiary care centre. Patients were interviewed regarding their basic demographics, cardiovascular risk factor profiles and disease status. CAD burden was quantified and compared across sex groups. Data underwent statistical analysis using SPSS V 19. Level of significance was 0.05. Results: We included total 851 patients. 209 patients (117M, 32F) had STEMI, 310 (213M, 97F) had NSTEMI 286 (200M, 86F) had unstable angina, 54 (27M, 27F) had stable angina. Normal angiogram was reported in 24% of females whiles it was reported in 11.5% in males. Single vessel disease (SVD) was 17.9% and 16.5% in male and female respectively. Double vessel disease (DVD) was 27% and 22% in male and female respectively. Triple vessel disease (TVD) was reported in 43% and 38% in male and female respectively. Left main Stem (LMS) was reported normal in 86.4% in males and 84.5% in females. Ostial disease was found in 274 (44%) male and 72 (30%) females. Bifurcation disease was present in 105 (17%) males and 22 (0.9%) females. Calcification was present in 139 (22.75%) males and 49 (20%) females. LV dysfunction was present in 242 (39.5%) males and 66 (27.6%) females. Conclusion: There are significant gender based differences in risk factor profile, presentation, number, distribution and complexity of coronary artery disease.