PREVALENCE OF LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY

Abstract

Background: Abnormalities in left ventricular relaxation are indicators of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. LV diastolic dysfunction may occur in patients with LV hypertrophy in the absence of systolic dysfunction. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of LV diastolic dysfunction in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy in Pakistani population. Methods: 200 consecutive patients age 20 years and above and of either sex with left ventricular hypertrophy were included in this study. LV diastolic function was assessed by pulsed wave Doppler studies measuring transmitted E and A-wave velocities, E/A ratio, deceleration time and Isovolumic relaxation time intervals. LV diastolic dysfunction was diagnosed. Results: Out of 200 patients, 106 (53%) were male and 94 (47%) were female. The average age was 53.66 + 11.07 years. The average body surface area of male patients was 1.79 + 0.19 and female patients was 1.59 + 0.16 m2. The average LV mass of male patients was 290.09 + 68.29 and of female patients was 242.23 + 54.34 grams. 92 (46%) patients had LV diastolic dysfunction. 58 (61.70%) of female patients and 50 (47.17%) of male patients had LV diastolic dysfunction (P=0.04). The average age of patients with LVDD was 55.55 + 10.86 years as compared to 50.27 + 10.38 years in patients without LVDD (P=O.OOI). The mean body surface area of patients with LVDD was 1.667+0.202 as compared to 1.738+0.199 of patients without LVDD (P=0.014). Ejection fraction and LV mass were not different statistically in patients with or without LVDD. Conclusion: LVDD is a frequent finding in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. It is more frequent in female patients with advancing age & smaller body surface area.