The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Ezetimibe in Reducing Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Risk

Abstract

Objectives: Background: Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) still ranks as the main cause of mortality; dyslipidemia is a prominent risk factor with modifiable influence. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and elevated triglycerides are clearly important elements in raising the risk of cardiovascular disease in those with lipid problems. Methodology: This research used a randomized controlled trial methodology, which included 200 individuals. The participants were placed into four groups: Omega-3 fatty acids, Ezetimibe, Combination treatment, and Placebo. Subjects were administered their designated therapies on a daily basis for a duration of 12 months, while undergoing frequent assessments at the beginning, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. At each time point, many key outcomes were assessed, such as triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, CRP, and Lp(a) levels. A statistical analysis to examine the impact of the therapies on lipid profiles and indicators of cardiovascular risk. Results: The Combination treatment demonstrated the most notable decreases, reducing triglycerides by 21.7% (from 180 ± 25 mg/dL to 140 ± 18 mg/dL) and LDL-C by 24.2% (from 120 ± 15 mg/dL to 90 ± 12 mg/dL). This treatment demonstrated superior efficacy compared to Omega-3 or Ezetimibe used alone. In addition, the Combination treatment significantly enhanced HDL-C levels by 17.9%, which much exceeded the minor alterations seen in the Placebo group. Conclusion: Combining Omega-3 fatty acids and Ezetimibe offers superior lipid-lowering effects, potentially leading to a greater reduction in cardiovascular risk.