Unveiling Left Main Coronary Artery Dimensions: Associations with Body Surface Area and Left Ventricular Parameters in a Pakistani Cohort Using CT-Coronary Angiography

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the dimensions of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) in a local Pakistani population and investigate their associations with body surface area (BSA), left ventricular (LV) mass, and ejection fraction (EF). Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, between January 1 and December 31, 2024. CT coronary angiography (CTCA) was performed using a 64-slice Toshiba Aquilion scanner. Vitrea Software was used for advanced post-processing to determine LMCA area and diameter, LV mass, and EF. Results: A total of 1178 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 49.1 ± 10.01 years, and 58.74% (n = 692) were male. The mean LMCA area was 11.66 ± 3.33 mm², while the mean diameter was 5.42 ± 1.74 mm. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between LMCA area and BSA (r = 0.182, p < 0.001), and a significant negative correlation was observed between LMCA area and LV mass (r = -0.108, p < 0.001). No significant correlation was found between LMCA area and ejection fraction (r = -0.004, p = 0.886). Conclusion: This study underscores the significant influence of body surface area and left ventricular mass on LMCA area, suggesting the importance of considering individual anatomical and physiological variables during cardiovascular evaluation and planning.