RISK FACTORS FOR ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE IN SOUTHERN PUNJAB

Abstract

Objective: To find out the most common risk factor in ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Southern Punjab. Methodology: This retrospective cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at private clinic of consultant cardiologist at Bahawalpur from June 2009 to December 2011. A total of 3285 patients were registered during the period and only 605 patients were diagnosed as case of ischemic heart disease. So we separated 605 CAD patients and analyze their risk factors as whole and various age groups. Results: This study contains 605 patients in which female patients are 283 (46.85%) and males are 322(53.2%). The mean age was 57.84±11.72 years. The age of the patients ranges from 25 to 95 years. According to the age, patients were divided into three groups. Group I contains patients <40 years of age and consists of 28 patients. Group II contains 40 - 60 years of age and consists of 351 patients and group III contains >60 years of age and contain 226 patients. Hypertension was more common 451 (74.55%) of patients, followed by diabetes mellitus (DM) 223 (36.85%) and smoking91(15.04%). Forty seven (7.76%) patients were suffering from anxiety neurosis and stress. Sixty four (10.6%) patients were obese, hypertension and DM was more common in female and smoking was more common in male. Conclusion: This study showed the increased frequency of hypertension, followed by diabetes mellitus and smoking as risk factors for IHD cases at private clinic in one of the remote area of Pakistan.