Association between Hyperuricemia and Angiographically Documented Coronary Artery Disease: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Abstract

Objective: Aim of this study was to determine the association between hyperuricemia and the presence as well as angiographic severity of coronary artery disease among adult patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study included a total of 150 consecutive adult patients undergoing clinically indicated coronary angiography were enrolled. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric acid concentration >7.0 mg/dL in men and >6.0 mg/dL in women. Coronary artery disease was defined as ≥50% luminal stenosis in at least one major epicardial coronary artery. Disease severity was evaluated using the number of diseased vessels and the SYNTAX score. Results: Among the 150 participants, angiographically documented CAD was identified in 103 (68.7%) patients. The mean serum uric acid level was significantly higher among patients with CAD than among those without CAD (7.35 ± 1.57 mg/dL vs. 6.35 ± 1.36 mg/dL, p <0.001). Hyperuricemia was significantly more prevalent in patients with CAD (63.1% vs. 25.5%, p <0.001). Patients with hyperuricemia demonstrated significantly greater angiographic disease severity, reflected by a higher prevalence of multi-vessel disease and significantly higher SYNTAX scores (p <0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking status, and body mass index, hyperuricemia remained independently associated with CAD (adjusted odds ratio 6.48; 95% confidence interval: 2.71–15.49; p <0.001). Conclusion: Hyperuricemia was significantly associated with both the presence and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Measurement of serum uric acid may provide additional information for cardiovascular risk assessment; however, prospective longitudinal studies are required to determine whether this association reflects a causal relationship.